基于遥感技术的厦门大嶝岛海岸线与潮滩变迁分析

Analysis of Shoreline and Tidal Flat Based on Remote Sensing in Dadeng Island of Xiamen

利用长时序列卫星遥感影像资料,结合遥感与地理信息系统技术分析了1996年以来厦门市大嶝岛海岸线及潮滩的变迁特征.结果表明:1996—2014年间大嶝岛海岸线主要是向海扩张,尤其是东部岸线;大嶝岛西南和南部的潮滩以淤积为主,且2002—2011年间的年水平淤涨速率和沉积速率均明显大于1996—2002年间的相应值;大嶝岛-2~2 m之间的潮滩面积在1996—2011年间增加了约16%,而在2011—2014年间减少了约41%,并以西南部和东部海域潮滩的变化最为明显.围填海、海域清淤工程等人为活动是导致近20年来大嶝岛潮滩变化的重要因素.

In this study,changes of shorelines and tidal flats since 1996,in Dadeng island of Xiamen,are analyzed with the aid of both remote sensing( RS) and geographic-information system( GIS) technology,based on the long-term satellite images.Results demonstrated that,from 1996 to 2014,shorelines of Dadeng island extended towards the sea side,especially in the eastern parts.Changes of the tidal flats in the southwest and southern districts primarily resulted from sedimentation.Moreover,the horizontal sedimentation rate and the vertical deposition rate from 2002 to 2011 were significantly greater than those from 1996 to 2002.The area of tidal flats from-2 m to 2 m increased by 16% from 1996 to 2002,but decreased by 41% from 2002 to 2011,and was significantly distributed in southwest and eastern districts.Through further analyses,human activities,such as sea reclamation,and sea dredging engineering,constituted important factors on the changes of tidal flats in the past twenty years.