美国的儿童数学启蒙及对我国幼师职业教育的启示

Children's Mathematical Initiatory Education in the United States and the Enlightenment for Our Kindergarten Teachers' Vocational Education

为了解决低收入家庭儿童数学落后问题,美国已经成功实施了一些数学补偿干预课程,如"数字世界"、"积木"以及"园前数学"。这些项目具有价格贵、耗时长的缺点。Siegler等基于婴幼儿数量表征发展特点开发出了线性数字棋盘游戏。这种游戏费用低,耗时短,可以显著、快捷、广泛、稳定地改善儿童的数学学习状况。由此可见,在幼师职业教育中,必须强化师范生培养儿童数感的观念,而不是仅仅关注幼儿数学事实的记忆。

In the United States,children from low-income families enter kindergarten with less mathematical knowledge than peers from middle-income backgrounds.Therefore,many early intervention projects of mathematics have been carried out,such as Number Worlds,Building Blocks and Pre-K Mathematics,which are expensive and time-consuming.Based on the findings of children's numerical representation,Siegler and his colleagues developed a simple,brief,and inexpensive intervention——playing linear number board game.Experiments have suggested that playing linear number board game could improve children's mathematics knowledge significantly,fast,widely.