污泥-水稻秸秆复合活性炭的制备工艺与结构表征

Preparation technology of composite activated carbon by sludge & rice-straw and its structural characterization

以中小城镇市政污泥和水稻秸秆为原料,氯化锌为活化剂,制备得到污泥-秸秆复合活性炭。研究了不同原料质量比、活化温度、活化时间以及液固比对污泥-水稻秸秆活性炭吸附性能的影响,并通过BET、FT-IR及EDS对其进行表征。采用响应曲面法分析得到制备复合活性炭的最优工艺条件:质量比为1∶2(水稻秸秆与市政污泥),液固比为1.5(ZnCl_2∶原料),活化温度为470℃,活化时间为1 h。制备的复合活性炭碘吸附值为816 mg/g,比表面积为669.29 m^2/g,微孔比表面积为232.33 m^2/g;结构中含有烯烃、醇及酚类等官能团。研究结果表明采用污泥和水稻秸秆制备的复合活性炭性能优异,有一定的应用前景。

The synthesis of composite activated carbon from municipal sludge in small and medium town,and rice-straw with ZnCl_2 activating reagent by a chemical pyrolysis method was reported. It was carried out to explore the composite activated carbon adsorption value by controlling the raw material quality ratio(rice-straw and sludge),liquid-solid ratio( ZnCl_2 and raw material),pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time. The composite activated carbon was characterized by the methods of BET,FT-IR and EDS. The experimental design in Response Surface Methodology(RSM) was used for designing the experiments as well as for full response surface. The optimum prodution conditions were raw material quality ratio 1∶2,liquid-solid ratio 1.5,at 470℃ for 1 hour. The composite activated carbon possessed with Iodine number of 816 mg/g,BET surface area( SBET) of 669.29 m^2/g,microporous specific surface area of 232.33 m^2/g. Furthermore,the product contained olefins,alcohol and phenol functional groups. The results showed that the performance of thecomposite activated carbon performance was excellent that prepared by sludge and rice-straw,and it has certain application prospect.