宗法制度对新疆维吾尔族民居建筑的影响

The Influence of Patriarchal Clan System on the Construction of Uygur Folk Houses

影响传统民居建筑的因素多种多样,不同民族、地区、自然条件等的不同,样式和风格也都不尽相同。其中,宗法制度无一例外地给各民族建筑带来过影响。该文以宗法制度为切入点,以有着明显文化特征的新疆维吾尔族民居为研究对象,通过文献阅读和实态调研等研究方法,总结出宗法制度在空间布局、装饰艺术、房屋建造三方面对维吾尔族民居建筑产生的重要影响,并与审美观点、道德修养和生活方式等相结合,以此形成特殊的建筑形式和地域特色。

The factors that affect the traditional residential buildings are diverse, different ethnic groups, regions, natural conditions and so on. The styles are different. Among them, the patriarchal system has, without exception, brought influence to all ethnic buildings. Taking the patriarchal system as the breakthrough point, taking the Xinjiang Uygur folk house with obvious cultural characteristics as the research object. through the research methods of literature reading and real investigation, we summarize the important influence of the patriarchal clan system on the Uygur dwelling houses in terms of spatial layout, decorative arts and house construction. Family combining with the aesthetic point of view, moral cultivation and lifestyle, in order to form a special architectural form and regional characteristics.