贷款多元化对商业银行绩效的影响

The Effects of Loan Diversification on the Performance of Listed Commercial Banks

在传统财务指标的基础上引入了更为客观有效的经济增加值(economic value added,EVA)绩效评价方法,从两个视角研究了贷款多元化对商业银行绩效的影响。同时为了剔除影响商业银行绩效的其他因素,在模型构建中引入了净资产、资本充足率、存贷比三个重要的控制变量,以使得结论更具有合理性和现实意义。实证结果表明:在传统财务指标绩效测度下,商业银行的行业多元化提高了其总资产收益率及总营业成本,但对不良贷款比率的影响并不显著,EVA角度研究结论与之基本一致,行业多元化战略也显著提高了商业银行的经济增加值;而贷款地区多元化战略显著降低了商业银行的总资产收益率,提高了总营业成本,对不良贷款比率无显著影响,与传统财务指标测度结论不同,EVA角度表明贷款地区多元化对其绩效无显著影响。

We introduce economic value added （EVA） to investigate the effects of loan diversification in the performance of listed commercial banks on the basis of the traditional financial indicators. We apply net asset, capital adequacy and loan-to-deposit ratio as control variables in order to eliminate other factors that affect performance. The empirical results indicate that under the traditional financial performance indicators measures, the loan industry diversification improves the return on total assets and total operating cost of commercial banks. However the impact on the non-performing loan ratio is not significant. The conclusions from EVA perspective are consistent with the above results, industry diversification strategy also significantly improves the EVA of commercial banks. The loan regional diversification significantly reduces the total return on assets of commercial banks and improves the total operating cost. However, it has no significant effect on the non-performing loan ratio. Different from traditional accounting indicators, the empirical research from EVA perspective shows that loan regional diversification of commercial banks has no significant effect on its performance.