揉搓式马铃薯脱皮装置设计及试验研究

Design and test of the rub peeling machine for potato

为提高马铃薯脱皮率并降低破损率,采用揉搓原理,设计了一种马铃薯脱皮装置。该装置由喷水装置、出料控制装置、锁紧装置、脱皮辊、螺旋毛刷辊等构成,通过脱皮辊和螺旋毛刷辊对马铃薯揉搓进行脱皮,确立了影响马铃薯脱皮的主要因素为辊转速、脱皮时间和喂入量,并进行了脱皮试验。结果表明,随着辊转速的增大,脱皮时间的延长,质量损失率均呈现增大的趋势,而增大喂入量,质量损失率降低。该脱皮装置试验的工作参数为辊转速205r/min,去皮时间3.5min,喂料量105 kg/h时,马铃薯质量损失率仅为11.1%。同时,提出揉搓式马铃薯脱皮装置自动化提升方案为采用PLC和变频器对主电动机、水泵、进料口挡板、出料口挡板进行控制。

To improve the dehulling rate and reduce the damage rate, a peeling machine for potato was designed according to the principle of rubbing. The machine consisted of waterworks, discharge control device, locking device, peeling roller, spiral brush roller and so on. It adopted rubbing of peeling roller and spiral brush roller for potato peeling. The main factors influenced peeling were studied, including rotating speed, time and feeding rate, and a peel test was carried out. The results showed the mass loss rate increased significantly with the increase of rotating speed and time. However, with the increase of feeding rate, the mass loss rate decreased. The suitable working pa- rameters of the peeling machine were as follows： The rotating speed and time should be about 205 r/min and 3.5 min respectively, with feeding speed at about 105 kg/h. The mass loss rate could reach only 11.1%. Meanw cal peeling mac hile, the lifting scheme of the full automatic mechani hine was controlled by the main inlet baffle, discharging mouth damper using PLC converter water pump, and frequency