教育国际化背景下法国高师发展的路径选择及其问题

French ENS Development in the Context of Educational Internationalization:Path Selection and Reform Problems

全球高等教育领域的人才竞争逐步从外部冲破法国传统精英教育封闭的社会门槛,教育国际化趋势迫使法国政府一改进退维谷的改革态度,革新发展路径。以高师为代表的"大学校"逐步由传统双轨并行向"单轨"协同发展的"联合大学"模式过渡。联合大学在延续高师追求卓越的特色办学传统与"宁缺毋滥"的招生标准的同时,逐步去中心化,扩大高校自主权,整合高校优质资源。改革成效显著,拓展了法国科研的国际透明度,但政策执行也引发了一系列新问题。

The trends of globalization and internationalization of education present a new ecological and competitive environment,which were challenging the existing French traditional double track system in the field of higher education,namely elite education and mass education developed paralleled but not crossed. ENS as one of representatives of ＂Grande Ecole＂,continue to inherit the spirit of elite education,like pursuit＂excellent＂on admission,etc. While they also try their hard to reform and to find new patterns and dynamics,like decentralization to expand the university autonomy,to pursuit to be top-top level of world-class universities by the new reform of＂P？le de recherche et d＇enseignement supérieur＂,etc. However,the reforms also bring new problems and challenges to ENS,etc.