论题学与解释学

On Topics and Hermeneutics

西方解释学与修辞学的传统关系密切,而古老的论题学曾是修辞学的主要内容,可是后来,尤其在近代以来它逐渐为人们淡忘了,尽管如此,其意义和精神却并没有彻底消失。伴随着20世纪修辞学的复兴,它又重新回到了人们的记忆中,首先在法学领域受到重视,又影响到整个精神科学领域包括解释学。伽达默尔的《真理与方法》中隐含这个方面的内容。在这个学术背景之下进行深入挖掘,从修辞学与论题学的关系、论题学与辩证法的关系出发,然后推进到解释学与论题学关系的分析,揭示出这样一些基本观点:解释学具有论题学的取向,它融修辞学、辩证法和逻辑学于一身,并和实践哲学相联系,从论题学入手可以帮助我们更具体、更深入地理解哲学解释学的本质和意义。

The traditional relationship between Western hermeneutics and rhetoric was closely linked,while ancient topics was the main content of rhetoric,which especially in modern times was gradually forgotten,its meaning and spirit has not completely disappeared yet.With the revival of rhetoric in the twentieth century,it has come back to people＇s memory,firstly being paid more attention to in the field of jurisprudence,and then affecting the whole field of the humanities,including hermeneutics.Gadamer＇s Truth and Method implied this aspect.This paper tries to investigate this academic background,starting from the relationship between rhetoric and topics,topics and dialectics,and then advancing to the analysis of the relationship between hermeneutics and topics,intending to reveal such basic views：hermeneutics takes the orientation of the topics,it melts the rhetoric,dialectics and the logic together,links to the philosophy of practice,and helps us to understand the essence and significance of philosophical hermeneutics further from the perspective of the topics.