我国有前科劳动者平等就业权的立法保护

The Legal Protection of Workers with Criminal Records in China

有前科劳动者在求职过程中应当享有平等就业权,并需要相关立法为其提供充分保护。有前科劳动者平等就业权的立法保护,应当遵循"平等及不歧视"、"特殊保护"、"合理限制"这三方面要求。但从实践来看,我国有前科劳动者的平等就业状况不容乐观,这折射出我国相关法律在有前科劳动者平等就业权的保护上存在缺陷。因此,应进一步加强我国有前科劳动者平等就业权的立法保护。要增加对反前科就业歧视的规定,将"不因其他身份受到歧视"作为兜底条款;要增加并进一步完善就业安置机制,并明确相关实施单位的责任与义务;要修正对前科就业资格的限制,排除对过失犯的就业资格限制,确保就业资格限制与犯罪行为之间具有关联性,明确就业资格前科限制应具有存续期限;要修正对前科制度的规定,废除前科报告义务,建立前科消灭制度。

The individuals with criminal records fall within the protective scope of equal employment right,which requires an adequate protection offered by legislations.Concerning the legislative protection of the equal employment right of individuals with criminal records,the requirement of equal protection and non-discrimination,the requirement of special protection,and the requirement of reasonable restriction should be expected to obey.However,the equal employment situation of the individuals with criminal records in the field is far from satisfactory in China.It reflects the deficiency and defects of the employment-related legislations,which fail to meet the requirement above properly.As a result,the legislative protection of the equal employment right to the individuals with criminal records in China should be improved.Firstly,the provision of antiemployment discrimination on criminal records should be added,or at least a statement of ＂antidiscrimination on other status＂as the miscellaneous？provision.Secondly,the employment settlement mechanism should be improved and the responsibility of related exploiting entities needs to be clarified.Thirdly,the legal restrictions on employment qualification based on criminal records should be amended,which requires exclude the negligent offenders from employment restrictions,ensure the relationship between the criminal offense and employment restrictions,and take the expiration period of employment restrictions into full consideration.Lastly,the criminal records institution should be completed with the abolishment of the duty to report criminal records and the establishment of prior conviction elimination institution.