互动与转换:语言复杂性显隐关系的新审视——以汉语“时”类时间结构为中心

Interaction and Conversion:A New Look at the Relationship between Overt and Hidden Complexity——Based on Chinese Temporal Structures of the“Shi(时)”Category

语言显性复杂性与隐性复杂性的深层关系,有待结合汉语事实继续探讨。如在古汉语中,"背景事件+时候"概念先以"主谓"和"主之谓"形式出现,二者存在隐性复杂性。形式的多功能性促成结构创新,产生了显性复杂性形式"主谓结构+时"。该形式后来又可以表示条件、假设、因果等关系,进而具有隐性复杂性。当前研究认为语言复杂性存在显性与隐性的对立,而从"主谓结构+时"的产生与发展来看,语言显性复杂性和隐性复杂性还存在互动和转换。

It＇s necessary to explore the underlying relationship between overt complexity and hidden complexity based on Chinese.In ancient Chinese,the concept of＂background event＋time＂emerged firstly in the form of ＂subject-predicate＂and ＂subject＋zhi（之）＋predicate＂,both of which the hidden complexity exists in.The polysemy prompted the innovation of structure,resulting in the overt complexity form,namely＂subject-predicate＋ shi（时）＂.This overt complexity form evolved into a structure representing conditions,assumptions,causality and so on,which then generated hidden complexity.Existing research shows that there is an opposition between overt complexity and hidden complexity.However,through the emergence and development of＂subject-predicate＋shi（时）＂demonstrated by this paper,it is suggested that there are also interaction and transformation between them.