不同比例的生物饲料对罗氏沼虾生长、消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响

Effects of different ratios of biological feed on growth, digestive enzyme and immune enzyme activity in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

研究旨在观察生物饲料(biological feed)对罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)生长、消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响。选用平均体重(0.02±0.01)g的罗氏沼虾28 800尾作为试验对象,随机分成4组,每组设3个重复,每个重复2 400尾虾。分别投喂100%基础饲料(A组)、90%基础饲料+10%生物饲料(B组)、80%基础饲料+20%生物饲料(C组)、70%基础饲料+30%生物饲料(D组),饲养周期为42 d。结果表明:与A组比较,C、D组罗氏沼虾增重率差异显著(P<0.05),各组罗氏沼虾的增长率、特定生长率、饲料系数、存活率、肌肉营养指标和氨基酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05);B、C、D组罗氏沼虾胰蛋白酶的活性极显著提高(P<0.01),C、D组罗氏沼虾淀粉酶、纤维素酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性显著提高(P<0.05),C组罗氏沼虾谷草转氨酶的活性显著提高(P<0.05);各组罗氏沼虾脂肪酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和谷丙转氨酶的活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果提示,基础饲料中添加生物饲料能显著提高罗氏沼虾的增重率,增强胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷草转氨酶的活性。

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of biological feed on growth, digestive enzyme and immune enzyme activities in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosebergii. In the study, the 28 880 giant freshwater prawn with an average body weight of （0.02 ± 0.01） g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 2 400 shrimp per replicate. The giant freshwater prawn was fed 100% basic diet in group A, 90% basic diet with 10% biological feed in group B, 80% basic diet with 20% biological feed in group C, and 70% basic diet with 30% biological feed in group D for 42 days. The results showed as follows： the weight gain of giant freshwater prawn was significantly raised in groups C and D （P〈0.05）. All groups had no significant effects on growth gain, specific rate, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, nutritive composition of muscle and content of amino acid （P〉0.05）. The trypsin activity of giant freshwater prawn was remarkably improved in groups B, C and D（P〈0.01 ）, the amylase, cellulose and superoxide dismutase activity of giant freshwater prawn improved notably in groups C and D （P〈0.05）, the glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease activity of giant freshwater prawn was remarkably improved in group C （P〈0.05）. All groups had no significant effects on lipase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity （P〉0.05）. These results indicat- ed that biological feed could improve weight gain, amylase, cellulose, superoxide dismutase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease activity of giant freshwater prawn.