不同杂种优势群玉米子粒脱水速率分析

Analysis of Grain Dehydration Rate in Different Maize Heterotic Groups

采用烘干法测定170份玉米自交系的子粒的脱水速率及其相关性状,利用覆盖玉米全基因组的210对SSR标记对试验材料进行全基因组扫描,通过Structure V2.3.4软件揭示其群体结构。对不同杂种优势群平均子粒脱水速率进行方差分析,并筛选出各个类群中子粒脱水速率快的自交系。结果表明:子粒脱水速率在不同自交系间存在显著差异,与穗轴和子粒的含水率等性状间存在显著相关性。试验共筛选到子粒脱水速率大于1%的自交系20个;授粉后40 d子粒含水率低于21%的自交系10个。参试自交系分成P、旅大红骨、瑞德、兰卡斯特和唐四平头5个杂种优势群;授粉后40 d子粒脱水速率依次是瑞德群0.92%、兰卡斯特群0.85%、旅大红骨群0.82%、混合群0.80%、P群0.76%、唐四平头群0.56%。本文旨在通过研究不同杂种优势群玉米自交系子粒脱水速率的特性,筛选子粒脱水速率快的自交系,为选育适应机械化作业的玉米杂交种提供借鉴。

In this study,we used drying method to research the grain dehydrating rate of 170 maize inbred lines,a genome-wide scan was performed on the material by using 210 pairs of SSR markers covering maize ge- nome, and the population structure of these materials was revealed by Structure V2. 3.4. The main results were as follows：The clustering analysis showed that these maize inbred lines could be divided into 5 heterotic groups which were PB, Lvdahonggu （ LRC）, Reid, Lancaster and Tangsipingtou （TangSPT） group, the grain dehydration rate was striking difference in different inbred lines, and it also had significant correlation among cob and grain moisture con- tent. Grain dehydration rate of 20 inbred lines were screened out with more than 1%, and grain moisture content of 10 inbred lines were obtained after pollination 40 d with below 21%. 170 maize inbred lines could be clustered into 5 sub-groups. On the basis of known pedigree information and breeding history of these lines, the five sub-groups were denoted as Lancaster, Reid, TangSPT, P group and LRC. Reid had the fastest average dehydration rate （0.92%）40 days after pollination among them,the others in order were Lancaster 0. 85%, LRC 0. 82%, MIX 0. 80%, PB 0. 76%, TangSPT 0. 56%. The objective of this experiment was to study the characteristics of grain dehydrating rate of different maize heterotic groups and to select the excellent inbred lines with fast grain dehydrating rate, and to providing the suitable maize hybrids for mechanization.