2014年-2016年北京市昌平区生活饮用水微生物污染调查报告

Investigation on microbioal contamination of drinking water in Changping District of Beijing during 2014-2016

目的了解昌平区生活饮用水微生物污染状况,为昌平居民饮水安全、防止介水传染病暴发流行提供参考。方法按照GB/T 5750.12—2006进行水样采集和检测,按照GB/T 5749—2006进行微生物指标结果判定。结果 2014年-2016年采集水样2 423件,总合格率为80.48%,以总大肠菌群合格率最低(82.34%),不同年度水样合格率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.00,P<0.05)。市政二次供水合格率最高(95.39%),农村自备井合格率最低(68.31%),不同供水方式水样合格率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=174.99,P<0.05)。丰水期合格率(70.38%)低于枯水期(84.46%)水样合格率,不同时期水样合格率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=44.46,P<0.05)。农村自备井出厂水(71.68%)、末梢水(70.80%)检测合格率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论昌平区生活饮用水主要为总大肠菌群污染,监管部门应强化水源管理,加强监测,完善安全用水宣传,以减少介水传染病的暴发及流行。

Objective To understand the microbioal contamination of drinking water in Changping District,so as to provide reference for the prevention of outbreak and prevalence of waterborne infectious diseases. Methods According to GB/T 5750. 12-2006,water samples were collected and tested,and according to GB/T 5749-2006 microbiological indicators results were determined. Results From 2014 to 2016,2 423 water samples were monitored,with the overall qualified rate of 80. 48%,and the qualified rate of total coliforms was the lowest（ 82. 34%）. There was statistical significance on the difference in the qualified rate of water samples during 2014-2016（ χ^2= 10. 00,P〈0. 05）. The qualified rate of secondary water supply was the highest（ 95. 39%）,and the qualified rate of rural water was the lowest（ 68. 31%）. There was statistical significance on the difference in the qualified rate of domestic water supplied by different ways（ χ^2= 174. 99,P〈0. 05）. The qualified rate of dringking water in wet period（ 70. 38%） was lower than the dry period（ 84. 46%）,and the differences of water qualified rate were statistically significant（ χ^2= 44. 46,P〈0. 05）. There was no statistical significance on the difference of water qualified rate between the outgoing water（ 71. 68%） and the end water（ 70. 80%）（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion The main unqualified index is total coliforms in Changping Distract of Beijing. In order to reduce outbreak and epidemic of waterborne infectious diseases,the relevant departments should strengthen supervision and monitoring to ensure the safety of drinking water.