基于认知行为治疗的戒毒技能评估量表的初步编制

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COPING SKILLS RATING SCALE FOR DRUG ADDICTS BASED ON COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

目的:编制戒毒技能评估量表,并检验其信效度。方法:以复吸的认知行为理论和认知行为治疗的核心内容为参考,编制戒毒技能评估初始量表。选取强制隔离戒毒患者315人,将其随机分为两个样本,对其中一个样本(n=158)进行条目分析和探索性因子分析,对另一个样本(n=157)进行验证性因子分析、相关分析和信度分析。采用修订后的量表,测定10名强制隔离戒毒患者接受认知行为治疗前后的应对技能,以标准化反应均数为指标,对量表的反应度进行检验。结果:经过条目筛选后的戒毒技能评估量表共12个条目,包括渴求及复吸借口应对技能、时间和金钱管理技能、其它通用技能3个因子,累计解释总方差的64.31%。验证性因子分析结果支持量表的3因子结构(χ~2/df=1.685,GFI=0.922,CFI=0.957,RMSEA=0.066)。各因子之间呈中度正相关,各因子与总量表之间则呈高度正相关。总量表的Cronbachα系数为0.88,重测信度为0.78;三个因子的Cronbachα系数为0.74~0.83,重测信度为0.51~0.72。总量表的标准化反应均数为1.16,各因子的标准化反应均数为0.44~1.08。结论:戒毒技能评估量表具有良好的信效度,可作为戒毒患者应对技能研究的测量工具。

Objective： To develop a Coping Skills Rating Scale for drug addicts,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods： Taking both the cognitive-behavioral model of relapse and the contents of cognitive behavioral therapy as reference,a draft of the Coping Skill Rating Scale was developed. A total of 315 drug addicts in compulsory rehabilitation centers were selected and randomly divided into two separate group of samples. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted in one half sample（n = 158）,while confirmatory factor analysis,correlation analysis,and reliability analysis were conducted in the other half sample（n = 157）. To evaluate coping skills,the revised scale was applied in10 drug addicts before and after their treatment. The standardized response mean（SRM） were calculated for responsiveness analysis of the scale.Results： The final scale consisted of 12 items,including 3 factors（skills for coping with craving and cues,skills for management of time and assets,and other general coping skills）,accounting for 64. 31% of total variance. The three-factor structure of the scale provided a good fit to sample data（χ^2/df = 1. 685,GFI = 0. 922,CFI = 0. 957,RMSEA = 0. 066）. A moderated positive correlation was found between the three factors while a highly positive correlation was found between the factors and the total scale. For the totalscale,Cronbach＇s α coefficient was 0. 88 and test-retest correlation was 0. 78. For the three factors,Cronbach＇s α coefficients ranged from 0. 74 to0. 83,and test-retest correlations ranged from 0. 51 to 0. 72. The SRM of the total scale was 1. 16,and ranged from 0. 44 to 1. 08 for the three factors.Conclusion： The Coping Skills Rating Scale has a good reliability and validity,and can be used for assessing the coping skills in drug addicts.