注空气低温氧化作用对稠油组成及性质的影响

Effect of Low Temperature Oxidation Reaction on Composition and Property of Heavy Oil

为了揭示稠油低温氧化作用机理及对原油组成及性质的影响规律,以辽河油田齐40稠油为例,通过高温高压反应釜研究了稠油注空气低温氧化机理以及温度和催化剂对低温氧化反应的影响。结果表明,低温氧化反应后,体系压力降低,空气中氧气含量减少,二氧化碳含量增加;低温氧化反应为吸氧反应,120℃氧化反应、180℃氧化反应、120℃催化氧化反应和180℃催化氧化反应的耗氧率分别为43.87%、58.46%、52.53%和62.89%。原油在反应过程中既发生大分子的断键反应也发生小分子的缩合反应,氧化反应后原油SARA组成中饱和烃、芳香烃和沥青质含量增加,胶质含量减少。氧化反应会导致稠油黏度增加,120℃氧化反应、180℃氧化反应、120℃催化氧化反应和180℃催化氧化反应后稠油黏度增加幅度分别为17.63%、34.00%、18.22%和38.50%。低温氧化反应速率及耗氧量与反应温度和催化剂有关,温度越高,反应越快,耗氧量越高;催化剂环烷酸锰和环烷酸钴的加入可增强氧化反应活性,提高反应速率和耗氧量。

In order to discover mechanism of the low-temperature oxidation（LTO）reaction of the heavy oil and their effect on the oil composition and property,taken Liaohe oilfield block Qi40 heavy oil as experimental sample,the low temperature oxidation mechanism and the effect of temperature and catalyst on LTO was studied in laboratory high temperature and high pressure reactor. The results showed that the system pressure decreased,oxygen content decreased and carbon hydrocarbon increased after LTO reaction. The oxygen consumption were 43.87%,58.46%,52.53% and 62.89%,respectively,after LTO reaction under 120℃, LTO reaction under 180℃,LTO reaction under 120℃ with catalyst and LTO reaction under 180℃ with catalyst,respectively.During LTO process,both bond breaking reaction of macromolecule and condensation reaction of micromolecule occurred in crude oil,which resulted in the crude oil contents of saturated hydrocarbon,aromatic hydrocarbon and asphaltene increased,while the gum decrease. The viscosity of crude oil was increased by 17.63%,34.00%,18.22% and 38.50%,respectively,after LTO reaction under 120℃,LTO reaction under 180℃,LTO reaction under 120℃ with catalyst and LTO reaction under 180℃ with catalyst, respectively. which was relative to the increase of the content of asphaltene. The LTO reaction rate and oxygen consumption was affected by reaction temperature and catalyst. The higher the reaction temperature,the faster the reaction,and the higher the oxygen consumption. Moreover,the addition of cobalt naphthenate and manganese naphthenate catalyst could enhance the LTO reactivity and increase reaction rate and oxygen consumption.