北京市生产建设项目余方处理现状及管理对策

Treatment Status of Spare Earthworks and Its Management Countermeasure in Municipal Production and Construction Projects of Beijing City

[目的]分析目前城市生产建设项目过程中多余土石方处理的现状及存在问题,为探求适合城市建设项目多余土石方管理的办法和对策。[方法]以北京市为例,在分析生产建设项目余方处理现状和存在问题的基础上,借鉴国内外土石方管理经验开展管理对策研究。[结果]形成对生产建设项目之间协调利用、设置弃土场、土方外购处理、渣土消纳场、建筑垃圾资源化利用等余方处理现状及环境问题的基本认识;结合国内外土石方管理经验,针对北京市生产建设项目余方处理,提出加强土资源保护与宣传,将土石方管理纳入建设项目前期规划,加强建筑垃圾再利用及城市河道淤泥处理等相关技术开发,建立土石方信息平台等多条管理对策。[结论]目前生产建设项目余方处理的管理办法尚不满足城市建设发展的需求。今后需加强法律保障、资金投入、政策支持、技术改进、土石方信息交流等方面的建设,以建立完善的土石方管理系统,提高城市建设项目多余土石方的利用效率。

[Objective]Surveying the treatment status and put forwarding the manage countermeasure of spare earthworks in municipal production and construction projects,to explore suitable management approach and countermeasures for spare earthworks in urban construction projects.[Methods]Taking Beijing City as a case,the paper analyzed current situation and the existing problems of municipal production and construction projects,and then put forward the management countermeasures with reference to native and alien earthwork management experience.[Results]A basic understandings of spare earthwork management and related environmental problems were showed in the paper,including inter-coordination use,placement of spoil ground,earthwork outsourcing processing,residue ground,resource utilization of construction waste,etc.Referring to native and alien earthwork management experience,we put forward several management measures for extra earthwork in production and construction projects in Beijing City,including strengthening the protection and publicity of soil resources,adding earthwork management to the preliminary scheme of the construction project,developing reuse technology of construction waste and river sludge,establishing earthwork information platform,etc.[Conclusion]The current management measures of the production construction project have not met the demand of urban construction and development.Therefore,to improve the utilization efficiencyof extra earthwork in urban production and construction projects,the management system of earthwork should be established and improved in the future through the reinforcement of legal protection,capital investment,policy support,technology improvement and information communication.