水、乙醇和乙酸乙酯液体饱和蒸气压测定实验比较

Comparison of the Experiment of Liquid Saturation Vapor Pressure Measurement for Water, Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate

当前高校实验研究正朝着绿色环保、经济可行等方向发展,对于物理化学实验中的经典实验--液体饱和蒸气压测定,实验试剂的选择也应符合该发展趋势。有研究报道利用水或乙醇等试剂代替苯等对环境污染较大的有机试剂,但未见对这些试剂进行对比研究。本文选择水、乙醇和乙酸乙酯作为实验试剂,从绿色环保、经济性、可操作性和实验误差等几个方面对三种物质的液体饱和蒸气压测定实验进行比较。结果表明三种物质各有优劣,相对而言水和乙醇具有更多优越性,更适合作液体饱和蒸气压测定实验的试剂。

The experimental research in universities is developing toward the direction of the green, environmental protection, economy and feasibility at present. The reagent selection for the classical physical chemistry experiment-the experiment of liquid saturation vapor pressure measurement, should also comply with the requirements. Many experiment researches used water or ethanol instead of toxic reagents such as benzene, but the comparative study of these experimental reagents has not been seen. Here we choose water, ethanol and ethyl acetate as experimental reagent, and compare the differences of the determination of saturated vapor pressure for three reagents from the aspects of the green, environmental protection, economy, operability and experimental error. The results indicate that three substances have different advantages and disadvantages respectively, water and ethanol have relatively more advantages, which are more suitable for the reagent of liquid saturation vapor pressure measurement.