桉木基复合材料研究进展

Progress on Eucalyptus-based Composite Materials

桉树作为我国主要的人工林树种之一,具有品种多、生长速度快等优点,在缓解我国木材供需矛盾上发挥了重要作用。由于桉木存在高生长应力、节疤、易变形开裂等劣势,目前工业上主要用作纸浆、纤维板或胶合板和单板层积材的芯板,其利用方式单一,附加值较低。近年来研究者们以桉木与塑料、竹材等材料为原料制备复合材料,展现出良好的尺寸稳定性、力学性能、阻燃性、抗菌性等性能,有效地提高了桉木的利用价值,拓宽了桉木在人造板、集装箱等领域的应用。文章分别介绍了桉木/塑料、桉木/竹、桉木/水泥、桉木/无机物4种复合材料,并对其制备工艺、性能等方面的研究进展进行综述。

Eucalyptus plays a significant role in releasing the contradiction between wood supply and demand owing to the wide variety and fast growth. However, disadvantages such as high growth stress, knots, deformation and cracks have resulted in low utilization efciency and limited forms of utilization. In industry, eucalyptus woods are mainly used as pulp and coreplates for plywoods and laminated veneer lumbers. Recent years has seen fabrication of various composite materials based on eucalyptus woods, which greatly enhanced properties such as dimensional stability, flame retardancy, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties. The composite materials have enabled higher utilization efficiency of eucalyptus woods and opened up more possibilities of eucalyptus woods in felds of wood-based panels, containers and so on. In this review, progress on eucalyptus/plastics composites, eucalyptus/bamboo composites, eucalyptus/cement composites and eucalyptus/inorganics composites is discussed.