王履与缪希雍外感热病学术特色辨析

Analysis of Academic Characteristics of Exogenous Febrile Disease of WANG LV and MIU Xi-yong in Ming Dynasty

对王履、缪希雍著作中涉及外感热病的内容进行梳理,辨析其学术特色。王履认为伤寒、温病、热病的病因相同,但病机不同,伤寒是由表入里,温病是由里达外,发表之法不同,较少使用麻黄、桂枝等。缪希雍认为外感热病感邪途径为口鼻,提出"三阳多兼阳明"之说,以津液为本,治以清润,常将大剂石膏与麦冬、知母等合用,慎用汗下之法、温热及苦寒之品,强调因地因人制宜。他们的学术皆根植于《伤寒论》,认为伤寒是外感热病包括温病、疫病的主要病因;都认同温病与伤寒概念、病机、治法不同;在治法上较多使用清热、滋阴法,都提出慎用麻黄、桂枝。他们的学说推动了外感热病学术发展,对温病、疫病学术体系的形成产生了积极影响。

To differentiate and analyse the academic characteristics of exogenous febrile disease of WANG LV and MIU Xi-yong in Ming Dynasty. WANG LV thought that the cause of cold pathogenic diseases,epidemic febrile diseases and plague was the same,but their pathogenesises are different. MIU Xi-yong thought that the pathways of pathogenic factors were the nose and mouth. He studied on the syndromes of three yang meridians,attached importance to the protection of the stomach and body fluid,and chosed treatments according to the regional conditions and physical factors. The common source of their academic research is Treatise on Febrile Diseases.They both paid attention to the use of heat-clearing and yin-nourishing in clinical. Their theory created conditions for the development of epidemic diseases on later.