视角、理论与方法:体育旅游研究的现状与趋势

Perspective,Theory and Methodology:the Current Situation and Trend of Sport Tourism Research

本文采用scoping review的方法,结合选取的与体育旅游相关的期刊文献,整理了当前体育旅游研究的视角、理论和方法,并借此研判未来的研究趋势。首先,确定Elsevier、CNKI数据库(CSSCI来源期刊(2017-2018年))为文献检索源,以Journal of Sport&Tourism为补充期刊,共检索出2000-2017年度的文献25 192篇,有效文献986篇。其次,从企业、消费者、政府和多主体互动4个基本视角与研究者视角共5个层面对文献进行归纳分析,最终发现:(1)政府视角和多主体互动视角是目前最受关注的两个视角;(2)消费者视角和研究者视角的影响日益扩大,企业视角的研究最少;(3)围绕体育旅游定义的讨论还在进行,有关体育与旅游在体育旅游中的成分界定也催生了3种基本的概念框架,但独立成熟的理论体系尚未形成;(4)当前研究主要以定性研究法为主,定量研究不足25%,且以问卷调查为主。基于上述结论,未来应加强基础性研究和定量研究,并从4个基本视角出发,结合多个学科的成熟理论,不断完善体育旅游的理论体系。

In order to lay a solid foundation for judging future research hotpots and trend,the present study summarized the perspectives,theories and methodologies of sport tourism researches by analyzing relevant papers based on the methods of scoping review. Firstly,papers published from 2000 to 2017 were searched in Elsevier and CNKI database,with Chinese papers limited to CSSCI source journals( 2017-2018). A total of 25,192 papers were retrieved and 986 papers were included after sorting and selecting process. The papers were then analyzed from the four basic research perspectives of corporate,consumer,government and multi-subject interaction,as well as researcher perspective. The findings revealed that,( 1) government and multi-subject interaction are currently the two primary perspectives;( 2) studies from both consumer and researcher perspectives are expanding their influence,while studies from corporate perspective has so far been the least;( 3) the definition of sport tourism is still under discussion,from which come three conceptual frameworks,while mature theoretical foundation has not yet formed;( 4) qualitative methodology predominates and papers using quantitative methodology account for less than 25%,with questionnaire survey being the major method. Therefore,future studies should strengthen basic and quantitative research,and combine mature theories in multiple subjects to promote the theoretical system of sport tourism from the four basic research perspectives.