新时代完善区域协调发展格局的战略重点

Strategic Emphasis of Regional Coordinated Growth Pattern Optimization in the New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

改革开放以来，我国以“T”字形为空间结构组织骨架，实施了东中西、四大板块和主体功能区等多个区域发展战略，区域协调发展格局发生着重要变化。文章采用以菱形区为核心的国土空间开发格局分析方法，阐释了1980年以来各区域的人口、GDP、资源环境承载状况的变化，试图综合刻画我国区域协调发展格局变化的基本特征，并讨论了新时代进一步完善区域协调发展格局的战略重点。分析表明：我国人口仍在向菱形顶点区域集聚，GDP却已经开始由菱形顶点区域分散，而由菱形顶点区域包围的菱形内部区域的GDP比重开始增长；菱形区域因集中在城市化区域表现为局部小范围的环境超载，而菱形外部区域因自然条件较差而导致资源环境超载面积占比很大。未来，我国在新时代迈向全面现代化的过程中仍应走节点区域极化、优先发展菱形顶点区域，通过菱形顶点区域带动菱形内部区域发展、进而带动菱形外部区域发展的发展路径。在优化国土空间格局方面，以“T”字形为主轴，在“两横三纵”的城镇化战略格局基础上，进一步打造以长三角为龙头连接西南和西北的发展轴带，并打造以粤港澳大湾区为龙头的西南纵深发展轴，逐步发展形成以粤港澳大湾区为圆心，面向东南沿海辐射东南亚的扇型区域。

Since the reform and opening-up policy, with the ＂T-shaped＂ spatial structure organizing framework, China has carried out multiple regional development strategy including ＂east-middle-west＂, ＂four plates＂, ＂major function oriented zone＂ and so on, regional coordinated growth pattern is changing greatly. This article took an analytical method of the territorial pattern with a core of rhombic region, elucidated the changes of population, Gross Domestic Product （GDP） and resources ＆ environment carrying status in each region since 1980, tried to describe the essential change characteristics of Chinese regional coordinated growth pattern comprehensively, and discussed the strategic emphasis of further optimization of regional coordinated growth pattern in the New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. The analysis showed that, Chinese population are concentrating towards rhombic vertex regions, but GDP has begun to decentralize from rhombic vertex regions, GDP proportion in rhombic internal region surrounded by rhombic vertex regions begins to increase however; rhombic region appears a small range of partial resources and environment overload because of including urbanization area intensively, but rhombic external region appears a large proportion of reso~ and environment overload area due to poor natural conditions. In the future course of comprehensive modernization in the New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, the development path should be that node regions be concentrated, and that rhombic vertex regions develop with higher priority, leading rhombic internal region＇s development, followed by the development of rhombic external region led by rhombic region. In respect of territory pattern optimiTation, with the ＂T-shaped＂ axis as the main axis, based on the ＂two transverse ＆ three longitudinal＂ urbanizing strategy pattem, a development axis with the leading of Yangtze River Delta connecting northwest and southwest region should be built further, as well as a development axis with the leading of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area connecting southwest depth region, which would gradually evolve into a circular sector with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as the circle center, facing southeast coastal area and influencing Southeast Asia.