新型铅抑制剂在铜铅分离中的抑制作用及机理研究

Research on Effects and Mechanism of a New Depressant in the Separation of Chalcopyrite and Galena

由于传统的环保型铅抑制剂难以使铜铅混合精矿得到有效分离,故本文介绍一种新型方铅矿抑制剂PD-2。通过单矿物浮选试验、人工混合矿分离试验以及动电位测定、红外光谱分析、吸附量测定,研究了PD-2在铜铅分离中的抑制作用及机理。试验结果表明,当乙硫氨酯(Z200)作为捕收剂时,PD-2对方铅矿的抑制作用明显强于黄铜矿,在适当条件下可实现铜铅分离。其作用机理为PD-2能够选择性化学吸附在方铅矿表面,在黄铜矿表面吸附较弱,且PD-2在方铅矿表面的吸附强于捕收剂Z200在方铅矿表面的吸附,能够阻碍Z200在方铅矿表面的吸附,同时,PD-2分子中的亲水基能够使方铅矿得到有效抑制,从而达到"抑铅浮铜"。

In view of the present situation that the environment friendly traditional depressants for galena were not very effective in the separation of mixed concentrate including copper sulfide and lead sulfide, a new type of lead depressant, PD-2, was introduced. In this paper, research on effects of depressant was studied through flotation tests of single mineral and the ones of separation of artificial mixed minerals. In addition, mechanism was researched by measuring ZETA potential, analyzing infrared spectrum and measuring adsorption amount. The results indicated that compared with chalcopyrite, galena was more easily depressed by PD-2 and PD-2 could help achieve the separation of Cu-Pb under appropriate conditions. On this condition, the results of infrared spectrum showed that PD-2 had chemical adsorption on the surface of galena. Meanwhile, on the surface of galena competitive adsorption occurred between PD-2 and Z200, the former stronger than the latter. However, PD-2 had little effect on the absorption of Z200 on the chalcopyrite. Last, the hydrophilic group of PD-2 molecules could make galena effectively depressed, so as to achieve chalcopyrite instead of galena.