儿童权利视角:农村留守儿童“再问题化”

A Perspective of Children's Rights:Re–problemization of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas

从功能主义思路看,农村留守儿童"问题"已得到社会的广泛认同,并引起强烈情感共鸣。同时,在不断"被问题化"的建构过程中,不要"污名化"留守儿童的呼声也向来不绝于耳。通过检讨研究者和大众传媒这两个社会问题建构中的重要行动者"夸大"、"污名"农村留守儿童的方式和过程,有助于进一步探索"去污名化"之后农村留守儿童"再问题化"的新思路。基于儿童权利视角可以发现,其实是产生大量留守儿童的社会结构有问题,而不是留守儿童本身有问题。而解决产生留守儿童的社会结构问题,需要实现城乡协同、权利平等,且以"人"的福祉为终极关怀的发展模式,能够惠及所有农村儿童。

As the child abuse cases exposed in the mega city kindergartens continue to ferment, the problem of left-behind children in rural areas is actually more serious in China. From the perspective of functionalism, the "problem" of left-behind children in rural areas has been widely recognized by the society and has aroused strong emotional resonance. At the same time, in the process of the construction of "being problematic", don't "stigmatize" of left-behind children calls will be always in our ears. By reviewing the mode and process about important actors exaggerating and "stigmatizing" rural left-behind children of the two social problems of the researchers and the mass media, the new idea of "re-problemization" of left-behind children in rural areas will be further explored after "decontamination". Based on the perspective of children's rights, it is found that there are problems in the social structure that produces a large number of left-behind children, rather than the left-behind children themselves. To solve the problem of social structure of left-behind children, we need to make urban and rural cooperation, equal rights, and the development model of "people" as the ultimate concern for all rural children.