无患子种仁油的提取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析

Optimization of extraction of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn.kernel oil and its fatty acid composition

对无患子种仁油的提取工艺进行优化。采用单因素实验考察浸泡时间、提取时间、料液比及提取温度对无患子种仁油提取率的影响,并采用正交实验进行工艺优化。运用气相色谱分析无患子种仁油中脂肪酸组成。结果表明:最佳提取条件为浸泡时间6 h、提取时间8 h、料液比1∶20、提取温度90℃,在此条件下,无患子种仁油平均提取率为43.31%;无患子种仁油的酸值(KOH)为4.132 mg/g,皂化值(KOH)为190.26 mg/g,碘值(I)为102.36 g/100 g;无患子种仁油主要含有13种脂肪酸,其不饱和脂肪酸含量高达84.63%。

To optimize the extraction technology of Sapindus rnulorossi Gaertn, kernel oil, the effects of soaking time, extraction time, ratio of material to liquid and extraction temperature on the yield of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil were studied by single factor experiment, and optimized by orthogonal experiment. Also the fatty acid composition of the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as follows ： soaking time 6 h, extraction time 8 h, ratio of material to liquid 1 ： 20, extraction temperature 90 ℃. Under these conditions, the average yield of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil was 43.31%. The acid value, saponification value and iodine value of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil were 4. 132 mgKOH/g, 190.26 mgKOH/g and 102.36 gI/100 g, respectively. Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil contained thirteen kinds of fatty acids and the unsaturated fatty acid content was as high as 84.63%.