基于SAO结构语义挖掘的新兴技术演化轨迹研究

Researching on Evolution Trace of Emerging Technology Based on Subject-Action-Object Semantic Mining

如何揭示具有颠覆性潜力的新兴技术形成过程中的技术性能渐进变化脉络和技术演化轨迹所具有的规律性特征,对于企业或国家来说是至关重要的研发战略议题。针对目前在新兴技术演化轨迹研究中存在的不足,即专利引文信息存在的滞后性且未反映专利文献中的非结构化文本内容,以及关键词不能深入反映专利文献表达的技术主题和揭示技术主题之间的关联关系等问题,在改进Subject-Action-Object(SAO)结构语义挖掘方法的基础上,提出基于SAO结构语义挖掘的新兴技术演化轨迹分析方法。该分析方法首先以专利文献为数据来源,利用文本挖掘方法抽取专利摘要中的SAO结构,构建基于SAO结构的"问题与解决方案"模型挖掘新兴技术专利文本中的语义信息;其次利用语义相似度算法对专利文本进行聚类,通过对新兴技术不同专利技术主题的SAO结构相似性来分析技术的形成与发展轨迹,揭示新兴技术形成过程中的技术性能渐进变化脉络和技术演化轨迹所具有的规律性特征。最后,用钙钛矿太阳能电池作为实证进行了研究,验证了该模型的可行性和有效性。

How to reveal the gradual change vein of technical performance in the forming process of emerging technologies with disruptive potential and the regular characteristics of the evolution technology, it is a crucial is- sue for business practices or national R＆D strategic planning. As the hysteresis of patent citations and it does not take into account the unstructured text, meanwhile the keywords cannot effectively reflect the topics of patent and cannot reveal the relationship between technical topics, an evolution trace method was proposed based on an im- proved Subject-Action-Object （SAO） structure semantic mining for emerging technology. Firstly, the method uses the patent as data source, and extracting the SAO structure of abstract by text mining method, constructing ＇Prob- lem and Solution＇ model based on SAO Structure in order to mine semantic information of patent. Secondly, clustering the patent by semantic similarity algorithm, through the SAO structure similarity of different technology topics, the formation and development of the technology are analyzed to reveal the gradual change vein of tech- nical performance in the forming process of emerging technologies and the regular characteristics of the evolution technology. Finally, to verify the validity of the proposed approach, a case study of perovskite solar cell technolo- gy is given.