我国北方区域黑臭水体主要类型及其治理方法

The main types of black and malodorous water and their management methods in north China

黑臭水体的治理是一个复杂艰巨的系统工程,必须具备科学合理的治理路线和技术集成。综述了我国北方水体黑臭的机理,规划出黑臭水体工程治理技术路线,提出工程设置原则,构建出五大综合工程模块(包括水系结构完整与生态空间保障工程、河湖流量与水资源保障工程、流域水污染综合控制工程、水生态建设与修复工程和水环境长效管理体系的构建工程),并将该技术应用到2个不同类型(河流型、湖库型)的工程实例当中,以实现黑臭水体的消除和河流景观的恢复。

The management of black and malodorous water is a systematic project that is complex and arduous. It is necessary to have a series of scientific and reasonable management routes and technical integration. The formation mechanism of black and malodorous water in northern China was summarized, the technical routes of the black and malodorous water project management were planed, the principles of engineering setting were put forward, five comprehensive engineering modules, including water system structure integrity and ecological space guarantee works, river flow and water resources protection project, integrated water pollution control project, water ecological construction and rehabilitation engineering, and water environment long-term management system, were constructed. Finally, the technology is applied to two engineering projects in different types（ river and lake） to eliminate black and malodorous water and restore the river landscape.