“知识阶层的精神伴侣”到“民众生活的必需品”——以社会动员为角度考察日本近代报纸的大众化

From“Spiritual Companion of the Intellectual Class”to“ the Necessities of the Public Life ”:to Investigate the Popularization of Japanese Newspapers from the Perspective of Social Mobilization

日本报纸的大众化趋势是报纸逐渐脱离上层精英的束缚,慢慢走向民众的一种趋势。文章试图以小报的产生和发展作为日本报纸大众化的起源,以《万朝报》引发的"黄色新闻潮"作为日本报纸大众化的过渡,以《朝日新闻》的企业化改组作为日本报纸大众化发展的成熟标志,对这种趋势寻根溯源。伴随着日本报纸的大众化趋势,民众由无知无力到作为一种社会力量被报纸动员起来,发展成为政治力量的威胁,最终导致报纸被政府收编。在这一过程中,日本的"黄色新闻潮"和言论贾祸的"白虹贯日"事件也从不同方面加剧了这种趋势。

The trend of the popularization of Japanese newspapers is that the newspaper gradually breaks away from the upper elite and slowly moves towards the people. This paper attempts to take the emergence and development of tabloid newspapers as the origin of Japanese popular newspaper, take the＂yellow journalism tide＂triggered by Wan Chao Newspaper as a transitional period of the Japanese popular newspaper and take the corporate restructuring of The Asahi Shimbun as a mature period of the Japanese popular newspaper development. Along with the popularization of Japanese newspapers, the people who are ignorant and have no power are mobilized by the newspaper as a social force. They become a political power threat, resulting in the newspaper incorporated by the government. In addition, this article attempts to make some preliminary exploration about the reason of the ＂yellow journalism tide＂and one of the most serious literary inquisitions in Japanese history.