维特根斯坦论鉴赏力与天才

Wittgenstein on Taste and Genius

散见于系列著述中的维特根斯坦关于鉴赏力和天才的文字,见解独到,思想深刻,但罕有专文阐述。从审美鉴赏和艺术创作两个维度看,前期他否认存在由命题所表征的审美判断,但肯定艺术的"表达"特征;后期则认为我们可以做出有意义的、调节性的审美判断,而艺术家通过作品所表达的,不再是不可言说的神秘体验,而是构成性的天才。天才不仅意味着独创性,还意味着一系列卓越的美德:勇敢是天才的首要品格,其次是坚毅、专注和真诚。

In his works,Wittgenstein explored the concepts of taste and genius from the perspectives of aesthetic appreciation and artistic creation,respectively.In his early works,he denied the existence of aesthetic judgment represented by propositions,while affirming the artistic features of"expression".He later emphasized the regulation characteristics of aesthetic judgments,as well as the structural characteristics of the genius:not only does genius mean originality,but it also requires excellent character.Courage is the primary characteristic of the genius,followed by fortitude,concentration and sincerity.