门诊复发性口腔溃疡患者175名相关健康状况调查

The Health Status of 175 Patients with Recurrent Oral Ulcer in Clinic

目的调查复发性口腔溃疡(RAU)患者的健康状况,分析其复发原因,为自我保健和临床治疗提供理论依据。方法选取2015-03/2017-03来内蒙古太仆寺旗医院口腔科就诊的175例RAU患者,采用自制的《复发性口腔溃疡患者的健康状况调查表》调查患者的患病情况、对口腔保健的态度;以102例同期体检的健康者作为对照,了解RAU患者的健康状况和生活习惯,并对调查所得数据进行统计分析。结果 175例RAU患者中,轻型、重型、疱疹型分别为36例,112例和27例,占总数的20.6%、64.0%和15.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复发频率比较,频发例数(97例)比偶发多(78例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。除28.6%的患者不会自行施治外,会自行施治的患者中,有22.3%的患者选择喝凉茶,39.4%的患者会在患处喷药水,9.7%的患者选择含服维生素片。接受调查的RAU患者中,会定期进行口腔检查的仅占9.7%,与不重视口腔保健,不定期检查的患者比例相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。健康组与RAU组的功能受限和疼痛评分比较,前者低于后者(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。两组肠胃不适和便秘两项伴随症状的例数比较,健康组(2例,3例)较RAU组(41例,48例)少(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;牙龈炎、牙周炎等其他三项口腔疾病比较,健康组例数少于RAU组,但仅牙龈炎一项有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组生活习惯比较,吸烟、饮酒、使用牙签3项比较,无显著差异(P>0.05);心理压力过大,不正确的饮食和刷牙习惯等比较,RAU组患者例数明显高于健康组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论被调查RAU患者以重型和频发居多,患者大多不重视口腔保健,且存在不健康的饮食和生活方式。患者对RAU的引发因素及自我保健的方法认识掌握不足,需加强相应的健康教育。

Objective To investigate the health status of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcerations （RAU） and causes of relapse, to provide the evidence for self- care and clinical treatment. Methods From March 2015 to March 2017, there were 175 cases of RAU patients for stomatological treatment selected, to investigate the oral health by using self- made ＂recurrent oral ulcer patients health status questionnaire＂; 102 health clients for physical examination were considered as the control group. Results There were 36 cases, 112 cases and 27 cases for mild, severe and herpes RAU respectively among 175 patients, accounting for 20. 6% , 64.0% and 15.4% , respectively with significant difference （P 〈 0.05 ）. Relapse frequency showed the frequent cases （97 cases） were significantly higher than accidental cases （78 cases） （P 〈 0. 05）. Except 28.6% of patients were not self-treatment, 22. 3% of patients preferred to drink herbal tea, 39.4% to spray in the affected area and 9.7% to take vitamin tablets among the self- treatment patients. Only 9.7% patients had regular oral examination,, which was significant difference （P 〈 0.05 ） with patients who did not pay attention to oral care and irregularities. Compared with the RAU group, health control group had the lower the function limitation score and pain score （P 〈0. 05）. The control group were significantly lower than that in RAU group （P 〈0. 05） on gastrointestinal discomfort and constipation. The gingivitis, periodontitis and other three oral diseases in health groups were less than the RAU group, but only the gingivitis （P 〈 0. 05） with significant difference. There were no significant differences in smoking habits between the two groups （P 〉 0. 05）. The number of patients in the RAU group was significantly higher than that in the healthy group （P 〈 0. 05）. The high psychological stress, the incorrect diet and brushing habits in RAU group were more than that in health group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion RAU patients were considered for heavy and frequent. Most patients do not attach importance to oral health care with unhealthy diet and lifestyle. Patients should receive more health education on RAU.