秸秆发电与秸秆沼气应作为解决秸秆随地焚烧的主要手段

Utilization of Straw in Power and Biogas as Major Solution to Arbitrary Burning

京津冀地区总体上大气自净能力较差,尤其是秋冬季,据相关数据显示,农作物秸秆随地焚烧对雾霾的贡献近年来有加剧的趋势,是一个不容忽视的问题。本文建议将技术较为成熟,又可大量消耗秸秆的秸秆发电作为现阶段解决秸秆随地焚烧的主要技术手段;秸秆沼气技术成熟,厌氧发酵后的沼渣沼液作为优良的有机肥还田利用,是生态循环农业模式之一,也可作为解决秸秆随地焚烧的重要技术手段。建议有关部门联合京津冀鲁晋蒙相关部门尽快根据秸秆产地、产量等时空分布,综合考虑收集、运输、储存等环节进一步进行优化,选择设立秸秆发电厂和秸秆沼气工程的位置和规模,政府采取购买服务的方式鼓励引进私人资本投资,尽快解决京津冀鲁晋蒙地区秸秆的主要利用去向,从而彻底解决由于秸秆随地焚烧而加剧京津冀地区雾霾的这一难题。

In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the atmosphere has poor self-clean ability, especially in fall and winter, and data also shows that burning straw arbitrarily has contributed more and more to the smog. The article proposes that straw power technology, which is feasible, be taken as prime solution to deal with large quantity of straw produced. In addition, straw biogas technology could also be employed and digestate applied to field to promote agro-ecological circulation. The article also advises that, based on timing and space distribution of straw production, authorities should optimize straw gathering, transport and storage, location and scale of power plant and biogas plant. The government should also take measures to purchase service to encourage private capital introduction, which could help to utilize most of regional straw and solve the smog problem from root.