粗糙表面毫米波传播信道特性研究及图论建模

Characteristics of millimeter-wave propagation channels and the graph models under the impact of rough surfaces

针对具有不同表面粗糙程度的物体,对中心频点60GHz、超宽带(Ultra Wideband,UWB)10GHz电波传播信道的影响进行了研究.通过对在微波暗室环境下测量得到的单输入单输出(Single-Input Single-Output,SISO)信道冲击响应进行分析,提取并对比不同粗糙程度物体表面的信道散射与衰落特征参数,而后基于传播图仿真理论,改变模型参数对粗糙表面信道进行模型拟合,据此提出粗糙表面的可变阶次图论(Graph Theory,GT)模型.研究结果表明,不同粗糙程度表面的物体能够导致差异明显的信道衰减统计特征和时延域色散特性,采用不同散射系数的图论模型能够准确复现不同粗糙表面对传播信道的影响.研究成果对采用图论以较低复杂度,快速仿真复杂环境中的毫米波信道具有重要的意义.

In this paper, the characteristics of radio propagation channel with interactions on rough surfaces are analyzed at carrier frequency of 60 GHz with ultra-wide bandwidth（UWB） of 10 GHz based on measurements in an anechoic chamber. The experimental results obtained using a programmable network analyzer under a single-input single-output （SISO） configuration are studied, and the channel parameters are compared for the different levels of roughness. Then, the simulation-based modeling of these rough-surface-influenced channels is conducted based on the deterministic propagation graph theory （GT）. The results demonstrate that the distribution of the fading coefficients of the rough-surface-influenced channels, as well as the power frequency spectra exhibit distinguishable features against the roughness levels. Besides, the results of the simulation using the GT under appropriate settings illustrate the consistency between the measurement and simulation results. These research results are important for reproducing the millimeter-wave channels with graph modeling of low computational complexity in cluttered propagation environments.