西南地区承灾体数据采集与动态更新系统

Data Collection and Dynamic Update System for Hazard-affect Buildings in Southwestern China

在我国各地区承灾体特征差异性明显,且西南地区经历多次灾后重建,承灾体种类及其脆弱性呈多元化趋势的情况下,传统的通用数据标准已不再适用。此外,传统手工填写的数据采集方式导致数据汇总耗时耗力,且无法保障数据的准确性、一致性和时效性,严重影响了震害预测和灾后应急响应等工作的开展。本文以城镇规划数据为基础,依托智能移动终端,构建数据采集与动态更新一体化系统。系统通过对数据采集条目与流程进行定制优化,使其适应西南地区县城情境,实现了数据的标准化采集和实时录入。同时系统与城镇规划数据有机结合,利用实时采集的承灾体数据对城镇规划数据进行动态更新。其次引入智能化的承灾体数据交叉自动检验模块,确保数据准确。四川省丹棱县的应用示范表明,本系统显著改进了承灾体数据采集的准确性、一致性与更新速度,极大地减轻了工作人员的工作负担,为灾情获取和评估打下坚实基础,有效提高了西南县市震害防御和应急救援能力。

Hazard-affect buildings in different regions of China have various features. After many times of post-earthquake reconstruction, hazard-affect buildings in southwestern China, together with their vulnerabilities, have a diversification tendency, which results in unworkable of convolutional common-used data standard in southwestern China. Additionally, traditional manually-form-entry method is a quite time-consuming and labor-intensive way for data collection, let alone the impossible guarantee of data accuracy, consistency, and timeliness, which finally leads to a serious effect on earthquake damage prediction and post-disaster response. Based on the urban planning data and the intelligent mobile terminal technology, this paper builds an integrated system of data collection and dynamic updating. First, the system optimizes the items and process of data collection, so that it can adapt to the situation of counties in southwest region and achieve the standard data collection and real-time entering. The system also combines and leverages urban planning data and is able to dynamic updating urban planning data with the help of collected hazard-affect buildings data. Second, the intelligent cross-checking module ensures the accuracy and effectiveness of data. The application demonstration in Danling county shows that the system significantly improves the accuracy, consistency and update speed of the data, which greatly reduces the workload of the staff. The system lays a solid foundation for disaster acquisition and evaluation. Moreover, it effectively improves the capabilities of disaster prevention and emergency rescue for many counties in southwestern China.