电力市场建设的目标、约束与评价标准

Targets, constraints and evaluation criteria for power market construction

步入新时代,我国电力市场建设应当紧扣"创新、协调、绿色、开放和共享"的发展理念,以保障电力供给、理顺价格形成机制、提升效率和降低成本、保障民生与确保电价可负担、大力发展清洁能源和完善政府监管体系为目标深入推进。同时,需要明确电力市场建设面临的六大约束,即发电装机容量省间分布不均、电力行业发展定位存在差异、国有企业问题、市场势力问题、交叉补贴和普遍服务问题、可再生能源比例上升。多重约束、多重目标使得电力市场建设存在某种程度上的"不可能三角"。为此,本文结合国际电力市场建设的评价标准,立足中国国情,构建了一个评价电力市场建设的指标体系,以期在平衡好约束条件的基础上,解决多重目标下的政策选择问题。

As entering new era, Chinese electricity market construction has six targets,including ensuring the supply of electricity, rationalize the mechanism of price formation, improving market efficiency and reducing cost, guaranteeing people＇s livelihood and affordable electricity price, developing clean energy and perfecting government regulated system. The realization of these targets requires that electricity market construction should closely follow the new development concept, which specifically is innovative, coordinated, green, open and sharing development. Meanwhile, there are also six restrictions needed to be focus： uneven distribution of power generation installed capacity, difference in development orientation of electric power industry in different province, problems of stated-owned company, marker power, cross subsidy and universal services, and gradual rise in the proportion of renewable energy. Multiple constraints and targets lead the construction of electricity market face with, to some extent, the problem of ＂Impossible Triangle＂. Hence, this paper aims to construct an index system for evaluating the construction of electricity market based on the evaluation criteria of international electricity market construction and China＇s national conditions, so as to solve the problem of policy selection under multiple objectives on the basis of balancing the constraints.