内蒙古牧区经营方式之变革:联户、合作、家庭牧场与股份公司

The change of the pastoral management mode in Inner Mongolia: Joint households,cooperatives,household pastures and corporations

近年来随着经济社会的快速发展,内蒙古牧区经营方式正在从传统的家庭承包经营,逐渐向联户、合作、家庭牧场、股份公司等新型牧区经营方式转变。这四类经营方式之间既有关联又有区别,通过对其进行比较分析,可得出牧区经营方式变革的两种发展路径,即"个体经营-联户-合作社-股份公司"和"个体经营-家庭牧场-股份公司"。随着牧区供给侧结构性改革的深入推进,内蒙古牧区经营方式的变革趋势将不可逆转,它将大力促进牧区草牧场自由流转,调动牧民生产积极性,提高畜牧业生产效率,对内蒙古牧业发展、牧区繁荣和牧民增收产生重要影响。

In recent years,with the rapid economic and social development,the pastoral management mode in Inner Mongolia has been gradually changed from the traditional household contract management to the new pastoral management mode,such as joint households,cooperative,household pasture and corporation. There are both connections and differences among these four modes of operation. By comparing and analyzing it,two kinds of development paths of pastoral management mode were obtained. That is ＂ individual operation-joint households-cooperative-corporation＂ and ＂ individual operation-household pasture-corporation＂. With the supply-side structural reform in pastoral areas,the changing trend of pastoral management mode in Inner Mongolia will be irreversible. It will promote the free movement of pastures,mobilizing the enthusiasm of herders,and improving the efficiency of animal husbandry production. It will have an important impact on animal husbandry development,pastoral prosperity,and herders＇ incomes.