对外汉语课程设置:总反思与再规划

Curriculum Design for Teaching Chinese as a Second Language: Reflection and Replanning

对外汉语教学主干课程设置缺乏基于汉语汉字及其作为第二语言教学特点的考量,缺乏与当今中国社会语言交际常态形式的关联。建议适当压缩现有必修和选修课课时,增设汉字课、汉语虚词课、汉语书面语课、全拼音口语课、地方普通话课、当地方言课。新的课程设置规划,可凸显汉字"字""语"兼具的属性,提升并延伸汉字的教学地位和领域;拓展和加强汉语拼音的教学功能;重视汉语书面语的教学;彰显来华学习汉语的优势,拓宽语言学习和习得的范围。

This paper seeks to reflect on the problems of curriculum planning in teaching Chinese as a second language, thereby re- forming the current curriculum design. The discipline of teaching Chinese as a second language has at least two major deficiencies in its curriculum planning. One is that course designers have no clear understanding of the characteristics of Chinese language and Chinese characters in the framework of second language learning. The other is that the courses stand aloof from the authentic Chinese language communication in China. In order to revamp the existing curriculum design and system, more relevant courses should be opened based on the characteristics of Chinese language and Chinese characters as well as the availability of language resources. Specifically, the class hours for compulsory and elective courses should be reduced properly, and courses such as Chinese characters, Chinese func- tioning words, written Chinese, Pinyin-mediated spoken Chinese, local Mandarin and dialects need to be added. The new curriculum planning and design would be of significance in several aspects. Firstly, it highlights both the ＂characters＂ and the ＂language＂ in Chi- nese, and enhances the status of Chinese characters in teaching. Secondly, it expands and strengthens the functions of Pinyin in Chinese teaching. Thirdly, it pays more attention to the teaching Of Chinese written language. Finally, the planning demonstrates the advantages of learning Chinese in China compared to learning it in other countries. In this way, the scope of language learning and acquisition could be broadened, and the efficiency of Chinese learning could be improved.