文明的冲突与融合

Clash and Convergence of Civilizations

认同自身的优越性并贬低他人,具有本体论或存在论意义上的合法性,但由此而自以为是,终究会自我意识形态化。后起的文明虽曾受惠于其他文化,但在兴起并成为主流文明之后,往往会篡改历史,反过来攻击自己的导师。基督教文化就是其中最典型的代表。各种文明形态之间相互借鉴本是正常现象,近一两个世纪以来学者们却以"原创"为由否定了整个古典文明的自身价值,从往昔的绝对主义滑向了相对主义和虚无主义。独立互补才是走出这种两极摇摆的唯一出路,其前提就是承认并尊重每一种文明自身的独特价值及其共有价值,再让它们在整全视野中进入"争辩"和"对话",这样才有望真正走向"以差异即核心"的世界主义。迄今为止的所有文明其实都非常有限,都是未裂天道的"一察"而已。中华文明亦然。目前中国极度高涨的文化民族主义可悲复可怜。只有舍短取长、殊途同归和一致百虑,在更高的立场上审视现有的成就,才能真正做到"返本开新",才能拥有世界。

For every civilization, self - identification and belittlement of others is of ontological or existential le- gitimacy while the resulting bumptiousness will eventually tend to be ideological. Although benefiting from other civilizations, a subsequent civilization tends to falsify the history and even attack its own mentor especially after its rise to be the mainstream civilization. A typical example is Christianism culture. It goes without saying that various civilizations have been absorbing from each other, but scholars over the past one or two centuries have denied the value of entire classic civilization itself with the originality as an excuse, moving from the previous ab- solutism to relativism and nihilism. Hence, independence with complementation can be the only way out of any swing between extremisms, which is premised with acknowledging and respecting the unique and common values of every kind of civilization, and including those values into the debate and dialogue from a general perspective. Only in such a way can a heterogeneity -based cosmopolitanism be achieved. Every civilization by far is so lim- ited that it is only a tiny part of the whole, and Chinese culture is unexceptional. Hence the current nationalism in China is increasingly rising with pity and lamentation. aim by different means and pursuing unanimously can help tion, which will truly realize a return to original nature and world. Only seeking much of the merits, reaching the same examine the current achievements from a higher posi- move forward the new scene, and actually possess theworld.