试论希罗多德《历史》开篇

On the Beginning of Herodotus' Histories

通过比较分析希罗多德《历史》开篇中波斯人、腓尼基人、希腊人对于希波战争之原因的不同说法,再通过分析那些不同说法背后的不同习俗或不同文明,即可看出希罗多德本人是将希波战争之原因归结为习俗的冲突或文明的冲突,由此也可以理解《历史》为何注重习俗与地理的主题。此外,通过分析希罗多德本人的说法与希腊人说法之间的异同,也可以发现他对于希腊传统的传承和创新之处。

The paper comparatively analyzes the different explanations about the causes of the Persian War of- fered by the Persians, the Phoenicians, and the Greeks in the beginning of Histories of Herodotus. Through an a- nalysis of the diverse customs and civilizations that underlie the different sayings, it can be clearly seen that He- rodotus attributes the cause of the Persian War to the clash of customs or that of civilizations, which explains why Histories attaches great importance to the theme of custom and geography. Furthermore, an analysis of the differ- ence and similarity between Herodotus＇ explanations and the Greeks＇ ones can also help discover his inheritance and innovation upon the Greek tradition.