贵州中部地区稻水象甲取食植物种类及取食习性

Plant species foraged by the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, in central Guizhou Province and its feeding behavior

为明确水稻害虫稻水象甲Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel的取食习性,系统调查了稻水象甲在贵州省中部地区的取食植物种类,并测定了越冬成虫取食起始温度,分析了取食斑大小和取食斑数量与根部幼虫数量之间的关系。结果表明,稻水象甲成虫可取食66种植物,其中禾本科48种、莎草科13种、黑三棱科1种、美人蕉科1种、百合科2种、天南星科1种;根据稻水象甲的取食和生活习性,将这些植物划分为寄主植物、喜食植物和可取食植物,分别有4种、51种和11种。在全黑暗和全光照的条件下,稻水象甲越冬成虫取食虫数均随温度升高而逐渐升高,其50%越冬成虫开始取食的温度分别是15.3℃和11.9℃。不同地点的稻水象甲越冬成虫的单个取食斑长度、宽度和面积均无显著差异。线性回归分析结果表明,取食斑数量与取食斑长度之间以及取食斑长度与取食面积之间呈显著正相关,而取食斑数量与根部幼虫数量无显著相关性。

To clarify the feeding behavior of rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, the plant species foraged by L. oryzophilus in the central area of Guizhou Province were investigated, and the initial feeding temperature was determined. The relationships between larval density related to the acreage of feeding spot and the spot number were analyzed. The results showed that L. oryzophilus could feed on 66 species plants, including 48 species of Gramineae, 13 species of Cyperaceae, one species of Sparganiaceae, one species of Cannaceae, two species of Liliaceae, and one species of Araceae. According to the feeding behavior, these plant species were classified into 3 types, including host plants （four species）, preferred plants （51 species） and edible plants （11 species）. The number of feeding rice water weevil increased with increasing temperature, and the temperature for half number of overwintering larvae to start feeding was 15.3 ~C in constant dark and 11.9℃ in constant light conditions, respectively. No significant differences were found in the length, width, and acreage of feeding spots among different locations. Linear regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the number and the length of feeding spot, and the length and the acreage of feeding spot, but no significant correlation was found between the number of feeding spots and the larval density at the rice root.