喷雾助剂及施液量对植保无人机喷雾雾滴在水稻冠层沉积分布的影响

Influences of spray adjuvants and spray volume on the droplet deposition distribution with unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) spraying on rice

为提高农药沉积率,利用黏度计、表面张力仪、药液润湿性测试卡、激光粒度仪测定不同喷雾助剂添加量对蒸馏水溶液性质的影响,并分析喷雾助剂及施液量对水稻冠层不同位置雾滴沉积密度、沉积量以及有效沉积率的影响。结果表明,添加喷雾助剂对蒸馏水溶液的性质有显著影响,与蒸馏水相比,当添加喷雾助剂为0.5%和1.0%时,雾滴体积中径变为108.9、98.7μm,表面张力降低64.7%、64.9%,黏度增加为2.3、2.3 m Pa·s,铺展系数为蒸馏水的74.5、58.5倍,能有效促进雾滴铺展并避免药液流失;植保无人机喷施试验结果显示,增加施液量可显著提高雾滴沉积密度,添加喷雾助剂可以显著提高雾滴沉积量以及有效沉积率,当施药量为13.5 L/hm^2且添加1.0%喷雾助剂时,雾滴在水稻冠层的有效沉积率最大,为48.9%。

In order to improve the deposition rate of pesticides, the study was carried out by using viscosimeter, surface tension meter, droplet wettability test cards and laser particle analyzer to measure the changing of distilled water property by adding adjuvants. Meanwhile, the influences of adding spray ad- juvants and spray volume on the droplet density, deposition and efficient deposition rate of unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） spraying on rice were also measured. The results showed that adding adjuvants could significantly change the property of distilled water solution. Compared with distilled water, adding 0.5%, 1.0% spray adjuvants, the medium diameter of the droplet volume were 108.9, 98.7 pan; surface tension decreased by 64.7%, 64.9%; viscosity increased to 2.3, 2.3 mPa· s and the spreading coefficient increased by 74.5 and 58.5 times, respectively. It could effectively promote the droplet spreading and avoid the loss into the filed. The results of UAV spray experiments showed that spray volume could significantly affect the density of the droplets and spray adjuvants could significantly affect the deposition and efficient deposition rate. When the spray volume of the UAV was 13.5 L/hm^2 with 1.0% spray adjuvants added, the efficient deposition rate on the rice canopy was the greatest （48.9%）.