俄国斯萨哈共和国寒区灌渠积雪和土基温度监测与分析

Snow cover and temperature monitoring and analysis of irrigation channel in cold region of Sakha Republic,Russia

寒区土体河渠的研究对寒区土渠灌溉系统具有重要的影响,也对国家农业经济的发展具有重大的意义。考虑土壤含水量和积雪动态等因素,对俄罗斯萨哈共和国典型寒区灌渠土基监测与分析。指出:(1)土壤含水量的动态变化可反映出渠道周期性淹没与年度冻融循环,且对土基温度场的形成有重要影响;(2)多年研究表明,渠道内积雪的深度和密度均长期处在平均水平,并且积雪起着隔热的作用;(3)温度体系的动态表明土基处于周期性冻融循环的状态,渠道底部土壤的含水量和斜坡的淹水部分清晰地反映了春季洪水和冬季土壤冻结状况,土基的含水量和与其表面积雪的热交换决定了融化速率。

The research of cold soil channel has an important influence on the cold and canal irrigation system, the development of the national agricultural economy is of great significance. Considering the factors of soil moisture and snow dynamics, Russia Sakha Republic in its monitoring and analysis of typical subgrade, point out： （1）The dynamic changes in soil water content can reflect the periodic submergence of the channel and the annual freeze--thaw cycle, and have an important influence on the formation of the soil base temperature field~ （2）Years of research showed that the depth and density of snow in the channel were on average for a long time, and the snow played a thermal insulation role; （3） The dynamic temperature of the system shows that the soil in periodic freeze--thaw cycles, the water content and the slope of the flooded part of the channel bottom soil clearly reflects the spring floods and freezing winter soil condition, soil moisture and heat exchange with the surface area of snow melting rate decision.