突发水污染事故中污染物输移主导水动力识别——以深圳湾为例

Main hydrodynamic factors identification for pollutant transport in sudden water pollution accident in Shenzhen Bay

河口地区感潮河段水动力过程复杂,为在突发水污染事故中合理制定精细化应急方案,基于环境流体水动力模型(EFDC)从水动力学角度对不同水文条件下深圳河口水域突发水污染事故的影响范围、时间及程度进行了数值模拟分析,提出了一种判断河口海湾地区主导水动力因素的分析方法。采用基于傅里叶变换的频谱分析法对事故中污染物输移扩散的主要影响因子进行了准确识别,并采用单因变量多因素方差分析法进行了印证。结果表明,潮流是感潮河段水动力过程的主要驱动因素,但在突发水污染事故中,深圳河各断面特征污染物浓度变化与陆地径流关系密切,径流是感潮河段内突发事故中特征污染物输移的主导动力因素。

It showed a very complex hydrodynamic process in tidal rivers. For making reasonable fine emergency plan, the scope, time and extent of pollution damage influence of sudden water pollution incident had been analyzed by EFDC model under different hydrological conditions in Shenzhen Estuary. It had put forward a method for accurately analyzing the dominant hydrodynamic factors in sudden water pollution incident in estuary. On this basis, the dominant hydrodynamic factors of pollutant transport and diffusion had been identified out by the spectrum analysis method based on Fourier transform, and UNIANOVA was used to corroborate the result. It suggested that the tidal hy- drodynamic process was the main driving factors in Shenzhen River; but variation of pollutant concentration at each monitor cross-sections was closely associated with land runoff in sudden water pollution incident. It showed that runoff was the dominant hydrodynamic factor of pollutant transport for sudden water pollution incident in the tidal river.