布鲁菌病实验室诊断技术研究进展

Progress on Laboratory Diagnosis Technology for Brucellosis

布鲁菌病是目前世界上流行最广、危害最大的人兽共患病之一,威胁着人和60余种动物的生命健康,引起严重的公共卫生问题。论文从病原学诊断和血清学诊断两方面综述了布鲁菌病多种实验室诊断技术的优缺点及适用范围。分子生物学技术和免疫学技术以其敏感、快速、特异等特点在布鲁菌病诊断中得到了广泛应用,尤其是PCR和ELISA的应用已由实验室走向临床检测中。此外,论文还介绍了目前新兴的几种布鲁菌病诊断方法,总结了布鲁菌病诊断技术的使用现状,以期为提高布鲁菌病的综合防控能力提供参考。

Currently, brucellosis is one of the most widely spread and the most harmful zoonosis in theworld,posing a serious threat to human and more than 60 kinds of animals, has become a serious publichealth problem. In this paper, the advantagesand disadvantages as well as the applicable range of laborato-ry diagnostic techniques for brucellosis were reviewed from two aspects of etiological diagnosis and serolog-ical diagnosis. In recent years, molecular biology and immunology technologies are widely used in the diag-nosis of brucellosis because of their sensitivity, speed and specificity. Especially PCR and ELISA technolo-gies have been applied from laboratory to clinical examination. In addition, the article also introduced sever-al emerging brucellosis diagnostic methods, summarized the current situation of the use of diagnostic tech-niques of brucellosis in order to provide a reference for improving comprehensive capacity of prevention andcontrol of brucellosis in China.