碳交易和低碳偏好下供应链低碳技术选择研究

Low-carbon Technology Selection for Supply Chain under Cap and Trade Mechanism with Low-carbon Preference

在碳交易和消费者具有低碳偏好的环境下,通过分析体现成本和减排效率的低碳技术特征,建立供应链低碳技术减排投入与合作的动态优化模型,采用微分博弈方法,求解产品碳排放和供应链利润的长期轨迹,并且推导出实现双赢的低碳技术特征条件。鉴于现实中可选择的技术特征有限并考虑到零售商减排意愿合作水平,推导出促进零售商低碳合作的市场条件,并证明了将生产和使用两个环节排放同时纳入碳交易有利于激励供应商减排。

In this paper, the problem of choosing low-carbon technologies under carbon trading market mechanism is investigated by dividing the carbon emissions of a product into the manufacturing stage and the usage stage. It is we assumed that the supplier can make efforts to reduce the carbon emission in each of the two stages and the efficiencies in terms of reducing the carbon emission in the two stages by the supplier＇s efforts are different. It is Further assumed that consumers prefer to low-carbon products. The technology characteristics of low carbon with cost and efficiency are analyzed and a dynamic supply chain opti- mization model with low carbon technology investment and cooperation is set up. The optimal decision for the supplier （i. e. , the efforts that made in two carbon emission stages） is derived and obtain the corresponding profits of the chain members are obtained by solving a Hamilton Jacobi Bellman Equation. The optimal trajectory of product carbon emission is obtained. In view of the limited choice about technical features in practice and the willing cooperation level of the retailer, the market condition for promoting the retailer cooperation is derived. The study shows that： （1） In the short term, the margin profit of emission reduction can improve both emission and profit; while in the long term, if the efforts are selected properly in the two carbon emission stages, a win-win result can be achieved. （2） The revenue from the market is crucial to cooperation, and has a positive impact on the cooperation between the two chain members. （3） Dividing emissions in the two carbon emission stages under carbon trading market can encourage carbon reduction efforts. Additionally, numerical experiments are used to analyze the influence of critical factors. In this paper, the question about which kind of technologies should be adopted is answered and a basic idea and framework is provided for supply chain carbon emission reducing.