战后英国工党民主社会主义福利改革对我国的启示——基于公共服务的视角

Implication of Democratic Socialist Welfare Reform of British Labor Party After World War Ⅱ:From the Perspective of Public Service

二战以来,面对战争的破坏以及资本主义暴露出的各种危机,工党赢得大选后积极在英国建立全民福利国家,大力推行民主社会主义改革政策,在一定程度上缓和了阶级矛盾,促进了战后英国经济社会的良性发展,奠定了英国社会福利制度的基础。但英国全面、全民福利制度在实践过程中也存在一些问题:政府财政负担过重、福利支出结构不合理等。当前,在充分借鉴英国工党民主社会主义福利改革有益经验基础上,立足国情,不断加强和改善民生,同时又要避免陷入西方国家高福利陷阱,这对于建立健全我国基本公共服务制度具有很好的启示作用。

After World War Ⅱ,facing the destruction of war and the crises exposed by capitalism,the Labor Party actively established a national welfare state and vigorously implemented the policy of democratic socialist reform in Britain after winning the election.To a certain extent,the reform relieved class conflicts,promoted the post-war economic and social development in Britain,and laid the foundation for the British social welfare system.However,there still exist some problems in the process of the British comprehensive and national welfare system,i.e.,the heavy financial burden of the government and the irrational structure of welfare expenditure.At present,learning from the experience of the democratic socialist welfare reform promoted by the British Labor Party,China should continue to strengthen and improve the people＇s livelihood and avoid falling into the high welfare trap of the western countries.The British reform is of very important implication for improving the Chinese basic public service system.