高血压中医证型分布规律及与危险因素的相关性研究

Association Study on the Distribution of TCM Syndrome Types of Hypertension and Its Correlation with Risk Factors

目的:探讨高血压各中医证型与危险因素的相关性。方法:选取2016年1—10月邢台市中医院及河北省中医院门诊及住院部的高血压患者175例,男女比例为1.13∶1.00,平均年龄54.32岁,采用问卷调查的方式,运用SPSS21.0进行统计分析。结果:高血压病以痰湿壅盛证为最多,占32.0%;高血压病各中医证型在不同年龄段的分布上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中<40岁的高血压病患者以肝火亢盛证为主,>40岁的患者以痰湿壅盛为主;各中医证型在不同BMI的分布上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中超重的以阴虚阳亢及痰湿壅盛证居多,肥胖者以痰湿壅盛证为主;吸烟的高血压病患者各中医证型分布虽有不同,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在饮酒及高血压家族史分布方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中饮酒的高血压病患者以肝火亢盛为主要证型,高血压家族史的患者中医证型以阴虚阳亢为主。结论:高血压中医证型在分布上以痰湿壅盛证为主;年龄>49岁,超重和肥胖可能是痰湿壅盛证的危险因素;饮酒及家族史可能分别是肝火亢盛证及阴虚阳亢证的危险因素。

Objective： To investigate the correlation between TCM syndrome types and risk factors of hypertension. Methods： 175 cases of hypertensive patients in the outpatient and inpatient department of Xingtai Hospital of TCM and Hebei Provincial Hospital of TCM were chosen from January to October in 2016. The male-female ratio was 1.13：1.00, with an average age of 54.32 years. The questionnaire and SPSS 21.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results： The excessive accumulation of phlegm dampness type was the most than other types in hypertension, accounting for 32.0%. The distribution of TCM syndrome types of hypertension in different age groups were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The liver-fire excess type appeared mostly in younger than 40 years old and the excessive accumulation of phlegm dampness type appeared mostly in more than 40 years old. The TCM syndrome types in the distribution of different BMI was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The yin deficiency and yang excess type and excessive accumulation of phlegm dampness type appeared mostly in overweight patients. The excessive accumulation of phlegm dampness type appeared mostly in obese patients. There was no significant difference in the distribution of TCM syndrome types among smoking hypertensive patients （P〉0.05）. There were significant differences in the distribution of family history of alcohol consumption and hypertension （P〈0.05）. The liver-fire excess type appeared mostly in the patients with alcohol consumption. The yin deficiency and yang excess type mostly in the patients with family history of hypertension. Conclusion： The distribution of TCM syndrome types of hypertension is mainly with the syndrome of excessive accumulation of phlegm dampness. Over 49 years old, overweight and obesity may be the risk factors of the excessive accumulation of phlegm dampness type. Alcohol consumption may be the risk factors for the liver-fire excess type and alcohol consumption and family history of hypertension may be the risk factors of the yin deficiency and yang excess type.