炮制中的归经理论与靶向制剂的关系

Targeting Drug Delivery and Meridional Theory in the Processing of Chinese Materia Medica

中药炮制学中的归经理论与药剂学中的靶向制剂具有异曲同工之处,二者都是通过制剂学手段,改变药物在体内的运转行为,以期达到减少毒副作用,增强治疗效果的作用。但是二者的靶向部位及采取的策略具有较大的区别:中药炮制的靶向部位多是以中医理论为指导的经络,是由一个或者数个组织构成,具有一定的整体性;而现代药剂学的靶向制剂靶向部位多以生理学组织、器官、细胞或者细胞器为主,具有显著的精确性。此外,炮制的归经理论多是以对药材进行加工而取得,侧重于通过加工过程改变物质基础达到目的;而靶向制剂侧重于在不改变化学成分结构的基础上,依据靶点的特性及药物体内转运行为,设计新型的辅料,构建智能载体运输药物至特定部位。根据相关文献,选取代表性的研究,探讨二者的区别和联系,为解释中药炮制的归经理论提供一定的参考,为寻找靶向制剂的新策略提供有益的借鉴。

The principle of meridian theory in the processing of Chinese materia medica has the same features as the targe- ting drug delivery in pharmaceutics. Both of them are preparation methods which can change the distribution of drugs, reduce the toxic and side effects as much as possible and enhance the therapeutic effects. However, the target sites of them and the strategies are quite different. The targeting site of the traditional Chinese medicine in the processing of Chinese materia medica is guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and consisted of one or several organizations with a certain degree of in tegrity. However, most of the target drug delivery are reach to physiologic tissues, organs, cells or organelles with significant accuracy. In addition, the meridian theory in the processing of Chinese materia medica is mainly based on the drug processing, focusing on the change of the material basis through the process to achieve the purpose. The targeting preparation focus on the design of new functional materials to build smart carrier transport drugs to the destination. This article refers to the relevant literature, selects the representative research, discusses the difference and connection between the two concepts, provides some reference to explain the meridian theory, and provides a useful reference for finding a new strategy of targeting drug delivery.