近岸海底地下水排泄观测方法及环境影响评述

METHODS AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES OF NEAR-SHORE SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE: A REIVEW

海底地下水排泄(SGD)作为沿岸地带的重要水陆交换过程,已经引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。SGD指地下水进入到海洋的过程,包含陆地含水层中地下淡水排泄(SFGD)和再循环的海底地下水排泄(RSGD),既影响着海岸带的生态环境,也制约着局部或全球的元素循环。由于其通常在水下发生,容易被研究者们所忽视;同时,由于它在时间和空间上的不确定性,对SGD的精确测量比较困难。重点论述了局部和区域范围SGD的观测方法和最新研究热点,评估了各种方法的优缺点和适用范围,并展望了SGD领域未来可能的发展方向。

Submarine groundwater discharge（SGD） was an important pathway for material exchange between land and sea,and had attracted increasing interest from researchers worldwide.SGD refered to processes by which terrestrial aquifer water flowed into surface water,consisting of submarine fresh groundwater（SFGD） and recirculated submarine groundwater（RSGD）.SGD affected coastal conditions by nutrients transport,and influenced the elements cycle on a local or global oceanic scale because of the biogeochemical reactions during the processes.Its spatial distribution was closely related to the local geology and topography.It often happened underwater,so SGD was always ignored.Accurate assessment to SGD was limited by the significant spatial and temporal variability.The paper reviewed the research methods and hotspots of SGD on local and regional scale,assessed their merit and demerit and scope of application,and prospected its possible developing orientation.