珠三角城市群工业生产空间的时空演化及驱动机制

Spatio-temporal evolution of industrial production space and its driving mechanisms in Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration

基于多时相卫星遥感影像和GIS技术,对珠三角城市群不同时期的工业生产空间信息进行精准提取,利用多种模型定量分析了其空间扩展格局与特征,并进一步揭示了影响其时空演化的驱动机制。结果表明:(1)1990年以来,珠三角城市群的工业生产空间总体上呈现由核心向边缘扩散的特征,且扩展热点格局不断变动,热点区的中心极化作用逐渐减弱;(2)珠三角城市群工业生产空间的形态变化呈现明显的阶段性和异质性,2007年以前工业生产空间的破碎化程度增加而紧凑性降低,其面积的增加以外部扩展为主,而2007年以后的变化与此相反;(3)在工业生产空间扩展的不同阶段,驱动机制有所不同,政策因素、经济全球化、区域城镇化以及技术的进步与创新等,推动着珠三角城市群工业生产空间的演化与重构。

Industrial production space is an important part of urban space. This paper is concerned with the projection of industrial production and industrial sectors in urban space. With the rapid urbanization and industrialization, disorderly sprawl, environmental pollution and other problems have emerged in the industrial production space. Resultant problems and contradictions exist widely. So how to optimize industrial production space layout and transform the industry to achieve the sustainable development has become an urgent task. The Pearl River Delta （PRD）, located in the forefront of reform and opening up, is the national optimizing development zone, and its urbanization and industrialization are very typical. Since the implementation of China＇s economic reform and opening up policy in 1978, the PRD has become one of the most important world manufacturing bases as well as one of the most developed regions in China. However, the rapid industrialization of the PRD is at the cost of huge resource consumption and environmental pollution. The industrial production space in the PRD changes rapidly and also urgently needs to be optimized. In this context, understanding the spatial-temporal patterns and driving forces of industrial space expansion is important to informed land use planning and sustainable development. Based on the satellite images data and GIS, accurately extracting the information of industrial production space in Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration form 1990 to 2014, this article analyzed the expansion patterns and characteristics of industrial production space in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration, with the help of expansion speed and intensity index, fractal dimensions, compactness index as well as spatial association model, and then revealed its driving mechanisms. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. Firstly, since the 1990s, industrial production spaces in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration have extended form core area to peripheral area and the industrial production space scale of PRD has extended about 16 times in 25 years. The pattern of extended hot spot areas evolved constantly and the central polarization of hot spot areas weakens gradually. Secondly, the morphologic change of industrial production spaces in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration had phases and differences. Before 2007, the fractal dimension of industrial production space increased but compactness index decreased. This indicated that the shape of industrial production space tended to be more complex and fragmented, and the area of industrial production space increased mainly in the way of external expansion. After 2007, the fractal dimension decreased but compactness index increased a little. This indicated that the shape of industrial production space tended to be simple and regular, and the area of industrial production space increased mainly in the way of peripheral filling. Finally, the driving forces varied in different development stages. Policy factors, economic globalization, regional urbanization and technical progress and innovation dominated the evolution of industrial production space in the PRD.