食管胃底静脉曲张出血的内镜下治疗

Endoscopic treatment of esophageal gastric variceal bleeding

食管胃底静脉曲张出血(esophageal gastric variceal bleeding,EGVB)是肝硬化最严重,也是最常见的并发症之一,可导致肝性脑病、失血性休克等。内镜下治疗是目前应用最广泛的预防和治疗静脉曲张出血的重要方法。经内镜套扎治疗、硬化剂注射治疗、组织胶注射、金属钛夹止血、自膨式金属支架、氩离子凝固术、内镜下喷洒止血剂、联合治疗等方法自应用以来,止血成功率取得很大提高。该文主要总结以上各个治疗方法,就其机制、适应证、临床治疗效果、并发症等情况作一概述。

Esophageal gastric variceal bleeding（ EGVB） is the most severe and one of the most common complications of liver cirrhosis,which can lead to hepatic encephalopathy,uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. Endoscopic treatment is currently the most widely use of the important methods for the prevention and treatment of varicose veins rupture hemorrhage. The clinical hemostatic rate has been greatly improved since the application of the endoscopic variceal ligation,endoscopic injection sclerotherapy,tissue glue injection,titanium-clip,self-expandable metal stents,argon plasma coagulation,spray endoscopic hemostatic agent,combination therapy,et al. The treatment method,treatment mechanism,indications,clinical healing,complications were reviewed in this paper.