中国海员心理健康量表编制

Development of mental health scale for Chinese seafarers

目的编制适合中国海员的心理健康自评量表。方法通过文献回顾、海员访谈和专家评估,构建《中国海员心理健康量表》(MHSCS)的量表维度,编订量表条目;采用便利抽样方法,抽取1309名海员为被测对象,采用量表对其进行心理健康预测,构建初始量表;采用区分度分析、相关分析、探索性因素分析、频数分析等方法分析数据,构建正式量表,并对其进行信度、效度检验。结果 MHSCS包含11个维度109个条目。总量表与各维度的Cronbach’sα系数为0.638~0.982,重测信度为0.806~0.922;量表各维度得分与《症状自评量表》各维度得分均呈正相关(相关系数为0.486~0.860,P<0.01)。验证性因素分析表明模型拟合良好(x^2/df=2.93,规范拟合指数为0.950,非规范拟合指数为0.970,增量拟合指数为0.970,相对拟合指数为0.950,比较拟合指数为0.970,近似误差均方根为0.067)。结论 MHSCS具有较好的信度与效度,符合心理测量学标准要求,可作为中国海员心理健康测试评估工具。

Objective To develop a mental health self-assessment scale for Chinese seafarers. Methods The detail dimensions and clauses of Mental health scale for Chinese seafarers （MHSCS） was composed through literature reviews, interviews and expert evaluation. A total of 1 309 seafarers were randomly recruited as test subjects by convenience sampling method, and the preliminary scale was constructed to predict their mental health. The formal scale was established after data analysis by analyzing means of differentiation, correlation, exploratory factor and frequency, then its reliability and validity were tested. Results The MHSCS contains 109 entries in 11 dimensions. Its Cronbach＇ s coefficient of the total scale and each dimension was 0. 638-0. 982, and the retest reliability was 0. 806-0. 922. The scores in each dimension of the scale were positively correlated with the scores of each dimension of Symptom Checklist 90 scores （ correlation coefficient = 0. 486-0. 860, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well （χ^2/df= 2. 93, the normed fit index was 0. 950, the non-normed fit index was 0. 970, the incremental fit index was 0. 970, the relative fit index was 0. 950, the comparative fit index was 0. 970, the root mean square error of approximation was 0. 067 ）. Conclusion The MHSCS has good reliability and validity, meets the requirements of psychometrics standard, and can be used as a mental health evaluation tool for the Chinese seafarers.